Wendy Frisby

		Office:	Auditorium Annex 156 D
		Phone:	604-822-6445
		Fax:	604-822-5884
		Lab:	Socio-Cultural Studies Laboratory
		Lab Ph:	604-822-9165
		EMail:	wendy.frisby@ubc.ca
Professor

Background

University of Alberta, Edmonton B.P.E. Physical Education 1974; University of Windsor, Ontario M.H.K. 1977; University of Waterloo, Ontario Ph.D. 1983

Specialization

Sport and Leisure Management – Organisational theory, Gender relations, action research, community health, qualitative research methods

Courses Taught

HKIN 372 - Research Applications in Leisure and Sport Management

This course deals with research methods and data analysis techniques commonly utilized in the leisure and sport management field. Students gain experience in the design, administration, analysis, and communication of results using surveys, interviews, focus groups and content analysis. An introduction to quantitative and qualitative approaches to data analysis and ethical issues when conducting research are provided. 3 Credits. Prerequisites - completion of 2nd year.

HKIN 591 - Seminar in the Organizational Analysis of Leisure and Sport

This seminar course is for graduate students and covers selected concepts in organizational theory and applies them to the analysis of leisure and sport organizations. Topics covered include organizational structure, organizational environments, politics and power relations, organizational change and conflict, and organizational culture. 3 Credits

Research

The overall goal of my research program is to determine how those who have the least access to physical activity can become more involved as decision makers and participants. To achieve this goal, I work collaboratively with individuals and practitioners in the field to critically analyze how existing policies, programs, and structures in leisure and sport create barriers to participation. The aim is to uncover new ways of organizing that are sensitive to diversity and to analyze the individual, organizational, and community level changes that occur when action plans are implemented. My current Social Science and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC) project builds on previous research by addressing how the formation of partnerships between women on low incomes (including single mothers and the elderly), municipal recreation departments, other community groups, and an interdisciplinary research team can result in the co-generation of knowledge and action plans that influence policy and lead to improved quality of life. We are collectively analyzing the community organizing processes that occur over time and how the health problems identified by the women (physical inactivity, stress and social isolation) can be alleviated through greater involvement in the planning of and participation in leisure and physical activity programs.

Publications

REFEREED JOURNAL PUBLICATIONS

(* = Research funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada)

Frisby, W., Maguire, P. & Reid, C. (2009). The ‘f’ word has everything to do with it: How feminist theories inform action research. Action Research (Special Issue on Theory in Action Research), 7(1): 13-19.

Alexander, T., Thibault, L. & Frisby, W. (2008). Avoiding separation: Sport partners perspectives on a long term inter-organizational relationship. International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing, 3(3), 263-280.

Shaw, S. & Frisby, W. (2006). Can gender equity be more equitable? Promoting an alternative frame for sport management research, education, and practice. Journal of Sport Management (Special Issue on Diversity), 20(4), 483-509.

*Reid, C., Tom, A. & Frisby, W. (2006). Finding the ‘action’ in feminist participatory action research. Action Research. 4(3), 313-330.

*Frisby, W. (2006). Rethinking researcher roles, responsibilities and relationships in community development research. Leisure/Loisir (Special Issue on Social Capital and Community Development), 30(2), 437-445.

*Frisby, W., Reid, C., Millar, S. & Hoeber, L. (2005). Putting ‘participatory’ into participatory forms of action research. Journal of Sport Management (Special Issue on Critical and Innovative Approaches to Research), 19(4), 367-386.

Frisby, W. (2005). The good, the bad and the ugly: Critical sport management research. Journal of Sport Management, 19(1), 1-12.

*Frisby, W., Thibault, L. & Kikulis, L. (2004). The organizational dynamics of under-managed partnerships in leisure service departments. Leisure Studies, 23(2), 109-126.

*Frisby, W. & Millar, S. (2002). The actualities of doing community development to promote the inclusion of low-income populations in local sport and recreation. European Sport Management Quarterly, (3), 209-233.

*Reid, C., Frisby, W., & Ponic, P. (2002). Confronting two-tiered community recreation and poor women’s exclusion: Promoting inclusion, health, and social justice. Canadian Women’s Studies, 21(3), 88-94.

*Frisby, W. & Hoeber, L. (2002). Factors affecting the uptake of community recreation as health promotion for women on low incomes. Canadian Journal of Public Health, (March-April), 129-133.

Hoeber, L. & Frisby, W. (2001). Gender equity for athletes: Rewriting the narrative for this organizational value. European Sport Management Quarterly. 1(3), 179-209.

Rehman, L., & Frisby, W. (2000). Is self-employment liberating or marginalizing? The case of women consultants in the fitness and sport industry. Journal of Sport Management, 14(1), 41-62.

*Thibault, L., Frisby, W. & Kikulis, L. (1999). Inter-organizational linkages in the delivery of local leisure services in Canada: Responding to economic, political, and social pressures. Managing Leisure: An International Journal, 4, 125-141.

Fenton, J., Frisby, W. & Luke, M. (1999). Multiple perspectives of organizational culture: A case study of physical education for girls in a low-income multiracial school. Avante, 5(1), 1-22.

Frisby, W., Crawford, S. & Dorer, T. (1997). Reflections on participatory action research: The case of low income women accessing local physical activity services. Journal of Sport Management, 11(1), 8-28.

Copeland, R., Frisby, W. & McCarville, R. (1996). Understanding the sport sponsorship process from a corporate perspective. Journal of Sport Management, 10(1), 32-48.

Frisby, W. (1995). Broadening perspectives on leisure service management and research: What does organization theory offer? Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 13(1), 58-72.

Smale, B.J.A. & Frisby, W. (1992). Managerial work activities and perceived competencies of municipal recreation managers. Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 10(4), 81-108.

Frisby, W. (1992). Women in leisure service management: Alternative definition of career success. Society and Leisure, 15(1), 155-174.

*Frisby, W. & Brown, B. (1991). The balancing act: women as leisure service managers. Journal of Applied Recreation Research, 16(4), 297-321.

Smale, B.J.A. & Frisby, W. (1990). The availability of job outcomes for recreation graduates: a comparison of those who have stayed in the field with those who have not. Journal of Applied Recreation Research, 15(2), 113-124.

*Frisby, W. & Getz, D. (1989). Festival management: A case study perspective. Journal of Travel Research, 27(1), 7-12.

Hare, L. & Frisby, W. (1989). The job competencies and educational needs of therapeutic recreationists in Ontario. Journal of Applied Recreation Research, 15(1), 15-24.

*Getz, D. & Frisby, W. (1988). Evaluating management effectiveness in community-run festivals. Journal of Travel Research, (Summer), 22-27.

Frisby, W. (1988). The leadership effectiveness of YMCA managers. Recreation Research Review, 14, 1, 11-16.

Prus, R. & Frisby, W. (1986). Marketplace dynamics: The p’s of people and process. Advances in Consumer Research, 14, 61-66.

Frisby, W. (1986). Measuring the organizational effectiveness of national sport governing bodies. Canadian Journal of Applied Sport Sciences, 11(2), 94-99.

Frisby, W. (1986). The organizational structure and effectiveness of voluntary organizations: The case of Canadian national sport governing bodies. Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 4(3), 61-74.

Frisby, W. (1985). A conceptual framework for measuring the organizational context and structure of voluntary leisure service organizations. Society and Leisure, 8(2), 605-613.

PAPERS IN REFEREED CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS

*Taylor, J., Alexander, T., Ponic, P. & Frisby, W. (2005). Unsettling ground: Action researchers as mediators between citizens and local government. Refereed proceedings of the 11th Canadian Congress on Leisure Research Conference, Nanaimo, BC, pp. 608-612.

*Ponic, P. & Frisby, W. (2005). Feminist organizing as community development: A strategy for delivering accessible recreation to women living in poverty. Refereed proceedings of the 11th Canadian Congress on Leisure Research Conference, Nanaimo, BC, pp. 472-477.

*Frisby, W. (2004). Building capacity through cross-sectoral partnerships: A research agenda. A Keynote Address in the refereed proceedings of the European Association of Sport Management Conference, Ghent, Belguim, pp. 34-35.

*Frisby, W., Thibault, & L., Kikulis, L. (2002). The causes and consequences of partnership under management by leisure service departments in Canada. Refereed proceedings of the 10th Canadian Congress on Leisure Research, Edmonton, AB, pp. 111-113.

*Millar, S. & Frisby, W. (2002). Multiple discourses of community development: Addressing the implications for a community-based partnership. Refereed proceedings of the 10th Canadian Congress on Leisure Research, Edmonton, AB, pp. 222-225.

*Reid, C., Ponic, P. & Frisby, W. (2002). Promoting women’s health, equity, and inclusion: The role of accessible community recreation in reducing social isolation. Refereed proceedings of the 10th Canadian Congress on Leisure Research, Edmonton, AB, pp. 278-281.

*Thibault, L., Frisby, W. & Kikulis, L. (2000). The impact of commercial partnerships on local government values about sport and leisure services. In C. Ross, S. Young & L.M. Jamieson (Eds.) Refereed proceedings of the Third Sport in the City Conference, Indianapolis, Indiana, pp. 191-206.

*Thibault, L. Frisby, W. & Kikulis, L,M. (2000). The under-management of inter-organizational partnerships by local governments responsible for sport and recreation in Canada. Refereed proceedings of the European Sport Management Conference, San Marino, Italy, pp. 281-283.

*Frisby, W., Reid, C., Millar, S. & Pinnington, E. (2000). The advantages of partnering to increase access of marginalized citizens to local sport and recreation: Perspectives from multiple stakeholders. Refereed proceedings of the 8th European Sport Management Conference, San Marino, Italy, pp. 123-125.

*Thibault, L., Frisby, W. & Kikulis, L.M. (1997). Interorganisational linkages as a strategic response to change: The case of public community sport and leisure. In I. Davies & E. Wolstencroft (Eds.) Refereed proceedings of the Fifth Congress of the European Association for Sport Management, Scotland, Glasgow, pp. 351-358.

*Frisby, W. (1993). Gender differences in the career patterns of leisure service professionals. Refereed proceedings of the 7th Canadian Congress on Leisure Research, University of Manitoba, pp. 66-68.

Smale, B.J.A. & Frisby, W. (1990). Managerial competencies of municipal recreationists in Ontario. Refereed proceedings of the 6th Canadian Congress on Leisure Research, Waterloo: Ontario Research Council on Leisure Research, pp. 104-109.

*Getz, D. & Frisby, W. (1990). The role of municipalities in the development of festivals and special events in Ontario. Refereed proceedings of the 6th Canadian Congress on Leisure Research, Waterloo: Ontario Research Council on Leisure Research, pp. 77-81.

*Frisby, W. & Brown, B. (1990). The career patterns of women in managerial positions in the leisure profession in Ontario. Refereed proceedings of the 6th Canadian Congress on Leisure Research, Waterloo: Ontario Research Council on Leisure Research, pp. 227-229.

CHAPTERS, MONOGRAPHS & WORKBOOKS

(a) Authored

Frisby, W., Blair, F., Dorer, T., Hoeber, L. & Fenton, J. (2001). Taking Action: Mobilizing Communities to Provide Community Recreation for Women on Low Incomes. Vancouver, BC: British Columbia Centre of Excellence in Women’s Health, 39 pp., [ISBN 1-894356-21-7].

Frisby, W. & Fenton, J. (1998). Leisure Access: Enhancing Recreation Opportunities for Those Living in Poverty. Vancouver, BC: British Columbia Health Research Foundation, Vancouver, BC, 88 pp., [ISBN 0-7726-3804-7].

(b) Edited

Creese, G. & Frisby, W. (Eds.) (in progress). Feminist Approaches to Community Research, Vancouver, BC: UBC Press.

Reid, C., Dyck, L., McKay, H. & Frisby, W. (Eds.) (1999). Health Benefits of Physical Activity for Girls and Women: A Multi-disciplinary Perspective. Vancouver, BC: British Columbia Centre of Excellence in Women’s Health, 249 pp., [ISBN 1-894356-11-X].

(c) Chapters

Frisby, W., Alexander, T., & Taylor, J. (in press). Play is not a frill: Poor youth facing the past, present, and future of public recreation in Canada. In M. Gleason, T. Myers, L. Paris & V. Strong-Boag (Eds.), Lost kids: Vulnerable children and youth in Canada, the US, and Australia, 1900 to the present (pp. TBA). Vancouver, BC: UBC Press.

Reid, C. & Frisby, W. (2008). Continuing the journey. Articulating dimensions of feminist participatory action research. In P. Reason & H. Bradbury, H. (Eds.). Handbook of Action Research: Participative Inquiry & Practice, 2nd Edition (pp. 93-105), London: Sage Publications.

*Frisby, W., Reid, C. & Ponic, P. (2007). Levelling the playing field: Promoting the health of poor women through a community development approach to recration. In P. White & K. Young (Eds.), Sport and gender in Canada (pp. 121-136). Don Mills, ON: Oxford University Press.

Frisby, W. (2006). Understanding sport management research. In J. Parks, J. Quarterman, & L. Thibault (Eds.), Contemporary Sport Management (3rd Edition). (pp. 441-460). Champaign, Ill: Human Kinetics.

*Thibault, L., Kikulis, L. & Frisby, W. (2004). Partnerships between local government sport and leisure departments and the commercial sector: Changes, complexities, and consequences. In T. Slack (Ed.), The Commercialisation of Sport (pp. 119-140). London, U.K: Frank Cass Publishers.

Frisby, W. (2003). Understanding sport management research. In J. Parks, B. Zanger & J. Quarterman (Eds.), Contemporary Sport Management (2nd Edition). (pp. 407-420). Champaign, Ill: Human Kinetics.

Frisby, W. & Kikulis, L. (1996). Human resource development in sport. In B. Parkhouse (Ed.) The Management of Sport (2nd Edition). (pp. 102-116). Chicago: Mosby,

Frisby, W. (1991). Developing managerial abilities. In B. Boucher and P. Hopkins (Eds.), Management of Recreational Sports in Higher Education, Carmel, In: Benchmark Press, pp. 143-152.

Prus, R. & Frisby, W. (1990). Persuasion as practical accomplishment: tactical maneuvering at home shows.  In H.Z. Lopata (Ed.), Current Research on Occupations and Professions: Societal Influences, Research Annual, Chicago: Loyola University, pp. 133-162.

Frisby, W. (1982). Weber’s theory of bureaucracy and the study of volunteer sport organizations.  In A.O. Dunleavy, A.W. Miracle and C.R. Rees (eds.), Studies in the Sociology of Sport, Forth Worth, Texas: Texas Christian University Press, pp. 53-71.

RESEARCH REPORTS

Frisby, W., Alexander, T., Taylor, J., Tirone, S., Watson, C., Harvey, J. & Laplante, D. (2005). Bridging the recreation divide: Listening to youth and parents from low income families across Canada, Ottawa: Canadian Parks and Recreation Association, 173 pp.

*Ponic, P., Taylor, J., Shubat, T. & Frisby, W. (2003). Women organizing activities for women (WOAW). SSHRC Phase 6 Report on Strategic Planning for Sustainability, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, 39 pp.

*WOAW Collective (2003). Women organizing activities for women (WOAW): SSHRC Phase 5 Report on recognizing and valuing women’s action in their communities, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, 44 pp.

*Reid, C., Ponic, P., Frisby, W., & Millar, S. (2002). Women organizing activities for women (WOAW): SSHRC Phase 4 Report on women on low income’s social isolation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, 45 pp.

*Ponic, P., Frisby, W., Reid, C., Millar,S., & Zyla, J. (2001). Women organizing activities for women (WOAW): SSHRC Phase 3 Report on collaborative organizing and research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, 46 pp.

*Reid, C., Frisby, W., Millar, S. Pinnington, B. & Ponic, P. (2001). Women organizing activities for women (WOAW): SSHRC Phase 2 Report on community partner profiles and the benefits and barriers of participation in community recreation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, 41 pp.

*Reid, C., Frisby, W., Millar, S., & Pinnington, B. (2000). Women organizing activities for women (WOAW): SSHRC Phase 1 Report on health concerns, initial action, and resources shared, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, 29 pp.

Dyck, L., Reid, C. & Frisby, W. (1997). Determinants of physical activity among girls and women: A literature review and analysis. A report prepared for Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, 163 pp.

Frisby, W. (1996). Improving the health of low-income women through community recreation. A report submitted to the British Columbia Health Research Foundation, Vancouver, B.C., 25 pp.

Frisby, W. (1995). A strategic analysis of senior centres: Coping with the future. A report submitted to the Canadian Fitness and Lifestyle Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, 60 pp.

Frisby, W. & Boyd, C. (1993). Human resources in municipal parks and recreation in British Columbia: Survey results on gender equity issues. A report submitted to the British Columbia Recreation and Parks Association, Vancouver, B.C., 23 pp.

Brown, B. & Frisby, W. (1991). Factors affecting the career development of women managers in municipal recreation. A report submitted to the Ontario Ministry of Tourism and Recreation, Toronto, Ontario, 49 pp.

Frisby, W. & Smale, B.J.A. (1990). An analysis of the managerial competencies of municipal recreationists in Ontario. A report submitted to the Ontario Ministry of Tourism and Recreation, Toronto, Ontario, 30 pp.

Getz, D. & Frisby, W. (1990). The role of municipalities in developing festivals and special events in Ontario. A report submitted to the Ontario Ministry of Tourism and Recreation, Toronto, Ontario, 35 pp.

NON-REFEREED PUBLICATIONS

Journal Articles

Frisby, W. (2008). Women, poverty and public policy. Celebrating Women’s and Gender Studies at UBC: 35 years. Occasional Working Paper, 16(1), 29-35. UBC: Center for Women’s and Gender Studies.

*Frisby, W., Ponic, P. & Reid, C. (2002). They just don’t want us here: How recreation policies and practices exclude women on low income. Recreation & Parks BC, Summer, 23-24.

Dorer, T. & Frisby, W. (1997). Rethinking the business we are in: Making programs accessible to low income women and their families. Recreation & Parks BC, Winter, 16-18.

Frisby, W. & Yee, S. (1994). The delivery of services for seniors: Putting the pieces together in your community. Recreation & Parks BC, Spring, 24-25.

Frisby, W. (1993). Career paths: Results of a provincial survey. Recreation & Parks BC, Winter, 26-27.

Smale, B. & Frisby, W. (1992). Retaining our best men and women. Recreation Canada, 50, 2: 21-26.

*Getz, D. & Frisby, W. (1991). Developing a municipal policy for festivals and special events. Recreation Canada, 49, 4:42-44.

WORK SUBMITTED (including publisher and date of submission)

Taylor, J. & Frisby, W. Addressing inadequate leisure access policies through citizen engagement. In D. Reid, H. Mair & S. Arai (Eds.) Leisure and Social Development.

Hayhurst, L. & Frisby, W. Inevitable tensions? Swiss and Canadian sport for development NGO perspectives on partnerships with high performance sport. European Sport Management Quarterly.

WORK IN PROGRESS

Creese, G. & Frisby, W. (Eds.) (in progress) Feminist Approaches to Community Research, Vancouver, BC: UBC Press.

Frisby, W. (in progress) Sport and social inclusion. In L. Thibault & J. Harvey (Eds.) Sport Policy in Canada. Ottawa: University of Ottawa Press.

Frisby, W., Hayhurst, L. & McNeill, M. (in progress). In B. Houlihan & M. Green (Eds.) A feminist post colonial lens for analyzing gender and sport for development. Handbook of Sport Development. London, UK: Routledge Publishers.